Tafsīr of the Sūrah “Say I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind”
And it is Makkiyyah (revealed during the Makkan period) according to the saying of Qatādah, and some of them say: Madaniyyah (revealed during Madinah period), it and the Sūrah “Say I seek refuge in the Lord of the Falaq” were revealed for seeking refuge for the Prophet ﷺ when the Jews did magic on him.
In the Name of Allah The Most Beneficent The Most Merciful, [verse 1-6]
{Say, “I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind,}
{The King of mankind,}
{The God of mankind,}
{From the evil of the retreating whisperer}
{Who whispers in the breasts of mankind}
{From among the jinn and mankind}
His saying {قل أعوذ برب الناس}… till His saying {الخناس} Qatādah said: the devil is crouching over the heart of the son of Ādam, so when he remembers Allah he withdraws.
{الذي يوسوس في صدور الناس من الجنة}
{the one who whispers in the hearts of mankind, from the Jinnah}
Muhammad (i.e. Ibn Abī Zamanayn) said: meaning: the one who is from the Jinn.
His saying: {والناس}
{and mankind}
Yahyā said: and from the evil of the devils from amongst humans.